Tempering is a heat treatment process that improves the mechanical properties (typically ductility and hardness) and relieves internal stresses of a steel. Tempering is usually performed after hardening, to reduce some of the excess hardness, and is done by heating the metal to some temperature below the critical point for a certain period of time, then allowing it to cool in still air. The exact temperature determines the amount of hardness removed, and depends on both the specific composition of the alloy and on the desired properties in the finished product.
What are the Benefits of Tempering?
1). It changes the physical properties of the material that help in other manufacturing steps like cold forging, welding, and machining.
2). Tempering helps to relieve stress making the metal easier to weld or machine.
3). Increases strength while making the material more flexible and ductile.
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